CSS Jackson

This article is about the river tug converted to a gunboat which operated on the Mississippi River. For the ironclad ram that operated on the Chattahoochee River, see CSS Muscogee.

Career	Confederate States Naval Ensign 1861-1863
Name:	CSS Jackson
Launched:	1849
Acquired:	by purchase, 9 May 1861
Commissioned:	June 1861
Fate:	Destroyed to prevent capture, April 1862
General characteristics
Type:	Gunboat
Tonnage:	297 long tons (302 t)
Propulsion:	Steam engine, stern-wheel
Complement:	75
Armament:	2 × 32-pounder guns

CSS Jackson was a gunboat of the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War.

Built at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1849 as Yankee, the fast side-wheel river tug was purchased at New Orleans on 9 May 1861 by Capt. L. Rousseau, CSN, then strengthened and fitted for service in the Confederate Navy, and renamed Jackson.

Service history

On 6 June Lt. W. Gwathmey, CSN, was ordered to her command, and after shipping a crew, took her up the Mississippi River to Columbus, Kentucky, to join the squadron under Capt. G. N. Hollins charged with the defense of the river.

On 4 September 1861 Jackson supported by shore batteries briefly and inconclusively engaged the gunboats USS Lexington and Tyler off Hickman, Kentucky. The Federal ships finding the current fast setting them down upon the Confederate batteries returned to their former position. Six days later the little gunboat took part in a spirited engagement at Lucas Bend, Missouri, between Confederate artillery and cavalry and Union gunboats Lexington and Conestoga during which she received an 8-inch shell in her wheel house and side which forced her to retire on one engine.

Jackson sailed with Hollins' squadron to attack five of the Federal blockaders at the Head of Passes, Mississippi River, on 12 October 1861. They successfully routed the Union forces and proceeded to the defense of Forts Jackson and St. Philip which the United States Mortar Flotilla under Commodore David Dixon Porter bombarded from 18 to 24 April 1862. On 23 April Jackson was despatched to make the canals above the fort inaccessible to Union ships.

When the commanding officer, Lt. F. B. Renshaw, CSN, found it impossible to stem the Federal advance he retired to New Orleans. After the surrender of that city, Jackson was destroyed by the Confederates.

References

• This article includes text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.