French ship Valmy

For other ships of the same name, see French ship Borda.

File:Le borda ecole navale-1-Bougault.jpg The Valmy, by then renamed Borda, serving as a school ship
Career (France)
Namesake:	Battle of Valmy Jean-Charles de Borda
Builder:	Brest shipyard. Plans by Leroux
Laid down:	1 March 1838
Launched:	25 September 1847
Commissioned:	1849
Decommissioned:	January 1856
Renamed:	renamed Borda on 18 August 1863 renamed Intrépide in 1890
Reclassified:	1863 schoolship
Struck:	1890
Homeport:	Brest
Fate:	Scrapped in 1891
General characteristics
Class and type:	1st rate ship of the line
Displacement:	5,826 tonnes
Length:	64.05 m at the waterline
Beam:	18.11 m
Draught:	8.61 m
Complement:	1100
Armament:	120 guns, including: 34 long guns of calibre 80 36 short guns of calibre 30
Armour:	timber

Valmy, named after the Battle of Valmy, was the largest three-decker of the French Navy, and the largest tall ship ever built in France.

Design

Valmy was laid down at Brest in 1838 as Formidable and launched in 1847. When she entered service in 1849, she was the largest warship in the world and would remain so until 1853,^{[citation needed]} when the British three-decker Duke Of Wellington (6,071 tons and converted to steam power while on the stocks) entered service, but she would remain the largest sailing three-decker ever built. Unlike most similar ships, that featured a pronounced tumblehome, she had vertical sides; this significantly increased the space available for upper batteries, but reduced the stability of the ship; wooden stabilisers were added under the waterline to address the issue.

Valmy was thought to be the largest sort of sailing ship possible, as larger dimensions made the management of rigging impracticable with mere manpower.

Career

File:Valmy watercolour Roux.jpg

watercolour of the Valmy, by F. Roux

She was engaged in the Crimean War, where she proved difficult to manoeuvre and, like other sailing vessels, often had to be towed by steam ships. During the bombardment of Sevastopol, the only time she fired her guns in anger, she was towed by the new steam two-decker Napoléon.

She returned to Brest in 1855, where she was disarmed. She was used as a school ship for the French Naval Academy from 1864 under the name Borda. She took back her old name of Intrépide one year before being stricken from the navy list in 1891. She was scrapped soon afterwards.

The name Valmy was later re-used for a Guépard class destroyer, launched in 1927 and scuttled in 1942.

• Borda auguste mayer 1867-reduc.jpg

  Visite by Imperatrice Eugénie aboard the Borda (ex-Valmy) on 26 July 1867, by Auguste Mayer

• Valmy mp3h9323.jpg
• Valmy mp3h9320.jpg
• Valmy mp3h9344.jpg
• Valmy mp3h9346.jpg

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Sources and references

• Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922. 
• (French) dossiersmarine.free.fr