HMS Holland 1
| Holland 1 underway Holland 1 underway | |
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | Holland 1 |
| Ordered: | 1900 |
| Builder: | Vickers Maxim shipyard in Barrow-in-Furness |
| Laid down: | 1900 |
| Launched: | 1901, secretly from Yacht Shed No 1 |
| Commissioned: | 1901 |
| Decommissioned: | 5 November 1913 |
| Fate: | Lost while under tow, subsequently raised and on display at Royal Navy Submarine Museum, Gosport |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Submarine |
| Displacement: | 105 long tons (107 t) submerged |
| Length: | 63 ft 10 in (19.46 m)[1] |
| Beam: | 11 ft 9 in (3.58 m)[1] |
| Propulsion: |
Petrol engine, 160 hp (119 kW) Electric motor, 70 hp (52 kW) |
| Speed: | 7 knots (8.1 mph; 13 km/h) submerged |
| Range: | 20 nmi (37 km) at 7 kn (8.1 mph; 13 km/h) submerged |
| Test depth: | 100 ft (30 m) |
| Complement: | 8 (Lieutenant, Sub-Lieutenant, Coxswain, Torpedo Instructor, Chief Engineering Artificer, Leading Stoker, Stoker, Leading Seaman and Able Seaman) |
| Armament: |
• 1 × 18-inch (450-mm) torpedo tube • up to 3 torpedoes |
Holland 1 (or HM submarine Torpedo Boat No 1) was the first submarine commissioned by the Royal Navy, the first in a six-boat batch of the Holland class submarine. She was lost in 1913 while under tow to the scrapyard following decommissioning, and recovered in 1982 and was put on display at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum, Gosport.
History
In 1901 she was ordered from John Philip Holland and built at Barrow-in-Furness. The keel was laid down 4 February 1901[1]. In order to keep the boat’s construction secret, she was assembled in a building labelled "Yacht Shed", and the parts that had to be fabricated in the general yard were marked for "pontoon no 1".[2] She was launched on 2 October 1901 and dived for the first time (in an enclosed basin) on 20 March 1902.[3] Sea trials began in April 1902.[4]
In September 1902 she arrived at Portsmouth with the other completed Holland boat and along with HMS Hazard (their floating submarine base) made up the "First Submarine Flotilla", commanded by Captain Reginald Bacon. Recognizing how dangerous the new submarines could be, he proceeded cautiously with training his small band of volunteer officers and men. There were accidents and disappointments, but just a few months later Captain Bacon reported that:
- "Even these Little Boats would be a terror to any ship attempting to remain or pass near a harbour holding them".[citation needed]
On 3 March 1903 Holland 1 suffered an explosion that caused four injuries.[5]
On 24 October 1905, with the rest of the Holland fleet and three A-class boats, HMS Holland 1 sailed from Portsmouth to attack a Russian fleet that had mistakenly sunk a number of British fishing vessels in the North Sea in the Dogger Bank incident. The boats were recalled before any attack could take place.[6]
The submarine was decommissioned and sold in 1913 to T W Ward (limited) for £410[6]. By the time the submarine was sold she was considered so obsolete that she was sold with all fittings intact, and the only requirement put on the purchaser was that the torpedo tube be put out of action[6].
Loss
While being towed to the scrapyard Holland 1 encountered very severe weather and sank about a mile and a half off Eddystone lighthouse. [6] No one was on board the submarine at the time, and, since the submarine had been seen to be sinking earlier in the journey, the crew of the tug were ready to release to the tow rope, preventing any damage to the tug. [6]
Recovery
The wreck was located in 1981 and in November 1982 she was raised.[7] From 1983, after coating in anti-corrosion chemicals, she was displayed in open air at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum. However by 1993 it was apparent that the treatment had proved inadequate. A fibreglass tank was built around her, and she was immersed in sodium carbonate solution from 1995. After four years the corrosive chloride ions had been removed, and she was able to be displayed again after restoration work.[8]
Listed as part of the National Historic Fleet, Core Collection, in 2001, on her centenary, a new purpose-built climate-controlled building was opened by Countess Mountbatten. In the same year the Royal Mail put a photo of the submarine on a 65 pence stamp.[9]
See also
Media related to HMS Holland 1 at Wikimedia Commons- Royal Naval Submarine Service
Notes and References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hutchinson, Robert (2001). Submarines War Beneath the Waves From 1776 to the present day. HarperCollinsPublishers. pp. 25–27. ISBN 0007653336.
- ↑ Compton-Hall, Richard (1983). Submarine boats The beginnings of underwater warfare. London: Conway maritime press. p. 117. ISBN 0851772889.
- ↑ Compton-Hall, Richard (1983). Submarine boats The beginnings of underwater warfare. London: Conway maritime press. p. 120. ISBN 0851772889.
- ↑ Compton-Hall, Richard (1983). Submarine boats The beginnings of underwater warfare. London: Conway maritime press. p. 115. ISBN 0851772889.
- ↑ Compton-Hall, Richard (1983). Submarine boats The beginnings of underwater warfare. London: Conway maritime press. p. 140. ISBN 0851772889.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Compton-Hall, Richard (1983). Submarine boats The beginnings of underwater warfare. London: Conway maritime press. p. 11. ISBN 0851772889.
- ↑ Dunmore, Spencer (2002). Lost Subs From the Hunley to the Kursk, the greatest submarines ever lost – and found. Madison press books. p. 44. ISBN 190398548x.
- ↑ Holland I Conservation
- ↑ Chamberlain, Zoe (6 April 2001). "Sailors give a stamp of approval". Mail (Birmingham): p. 14.
External links
- Own page on RNSM website
- Early Holland Submarines Photos of John Holland's Submarine No. 1 and the Fenian Ram at the Paterson Museum
- MaritimeQuest HMS Holland 1 Pages
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