Icebreaker Vaygach

For the nuclear icebreaker, see Vaygach (nuclear icebreaker).

File:Taimyr and Vaigach 1913.JPG

Taimyr and Vaigach coaling from a freighter at Emma Harbor, 1913

File:Taymyr-vaygach.PNG

A Russian Imperial badge commemorating the successful arctic expedition of icebreakers Taymyr and Vaygach.

Icebreaker Vaygach was an icebreaking steamer of moderate size built for the Russian Imperial Navy at St. Petersburg in 1909. It was named after Vaygach Island in the Russian Arctic.

Icebraker Vaygach and her sister ship Taymyr were built for the purpose of thoroughly exploring the uncharted areas of the Northern Sea Route. This venture became known as the Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition.

The first of a series of surveys began in the autumn of 1910, when the Vaygach and the Taymyr left Vladivostok. They entered the Chukchi Sea with scientists on board and began their exploration. For the next five years, these icebreakers went on sounding and carrying on vital surveys during the thaw. Before every winter, when ice conditions became too bad, they returned to Vladivostok and waited for the spring. In 1911 the scientists and crew aboard the Vaygach and the Taymyr made the first Russian landing on Wrangel Island.

In 1914, led by Colonel I. Sergeev, the Vaygach sailed together with the Taymyr, whose Captain was Boris Vilkitsky. Togethere, they tried to force the whole Northern Passage in order to reach Archangelsk. Severe weather and ice conditions, however, didn't allow them to cross the Kara Sea and they were forced to winter at Bukhta Dika, close to the Firnley Islands. Thus they were able to complete the passage only in 1915.

Some of the biggest successes of the expedition were the accurate charting of the Northern Sea Route and the discovery of Severnaya Zemlya in 1913. Icebreakers Taymyr and Vaygach were considered the best icebreakers in the world in their time.

Vaigach struck an underwater rock and sank in 1918 in the Yenisei Bay of the Kara Sea. A nuclear river-icebreaker of the Soviet Navy, was named Vaygach in 1989.

References

• William Barr, Otto Sverdrup to the Rescue of the Russian Imperial Navy.
• J. Niven, The Ice Master, The Doomed 1913 Voyage of the Karluk.