SS California (1923)
.jpg) SS California passing the Statue of Liberty, New York, 1925. | |
| Career (UK) |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | SS California |
| Namesake: | California |
| Owner: | Anchor Line |
| Port of registry: | Glasgow |
| Route: | Glasgow/New York |
| Builder: | Alexander Stephen & Sons, Glasgow |
| Yard number: | 494 [1] |
| Launched: | 17 April 1923[1] |
| Identification: | Official number: 1147871[2] |
| Fate: | Crippled by German air attack 11 July 1943 and sunk the next day by the Royal Navy |
| General characteristics | |
| Tonnage: | 16,792 GRT [1] |
| Length: | 167.64 m (550.0 ft) |
| Beam: | 21.34 m (70.0 ft) |
| Propulsion: |
|
| Speed: | 16 kn (30 km/h)[2] |
SS California was a British steam-powered passenger ship of 16,792 tons built in 1923 for the Henderson Brothers Ltd, Glasgow.
Contents
Construction
California was built by Alexander Stephen & Sons, of Linthouse, Glasgow. Photographs of the ship taken in the 1930s show only one funnel, suggesting either a major refit, or that the original fore and aft funnels were for show only. Note the Infobox photograph shows smoke emerging only from the middle funnel.
Career
Pre-War
California carried passengers between Glasgow and New York, and in 1935 she was transferred to the Anchor Line (1935) Ltd.
World War II
In 1939 she was requisitioned by the Admiralty and converted to a Armed Merchant Cruiser, and from 1942 she was used as a Troopship.
Loss
On 8 July 1943 the small fast Convoy Faith, comprising MV Port Fairy, the troopships Duchess of York and California, and escorted by the destroyer HMS Douglas and the frigate HMS Moyola, sailed Port Glasgow, Scotland, for Freetown, Sierra Leone. On the evening of 10 July the convoy made rendezvous with the Canadian destroyer HMCS Iroquois 500 miles WSW of Land's End. On 11 July 1943 when about 300 miles west of Vigo, Spain, the convoy was attacked by three Focke-Wulf Fw 200 aircraft of Kampfgeschwader 40[3] based at Merignac near Bordeaux.
Accurate high-altitude bombing left the Duchess of York and California blazing.[4] Both ships were abandoned, and in the early hours of 12 July[4] they were sunk by Royal Navy torpedoes in position 41°15′N 15°24′W / 41.25°N 15.4°W[5] as it was feared the flames from the ships would attract U boats. The attack cost the lives of 46 servicemen and crew.[6]
External links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Clyde Built database". http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=3569. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 ""1147871"" (subscription required). Miramar Ship Index. R.B. Haworth. http://www.miramarshipindex.org.nz. Retrieved 21 June 2009.
- ↑ "Mercantile Marine.com". http://www.mercantilemarine.org/showthread.php?t=110&page=2. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Maritime Disasters of World War II". http://members.iinet.net.au/~gduncan/maritime-1a.html. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
- ↑ "Wrecksite.eu website - SS California". http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?32081. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- ↑ "Anchor Line at Ships List website". http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/anchor.html. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls
- Pages with broken file links
- Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
- World War II merchant ships of the United Kingdom
- Ocean liners
- Steamships of the United Kingdom
- Troop ships of the United Kingdom
- World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
- Clyde-built ships
- Royal Navy auxiliary cruisers
- 1923 ships
- Maritime incidents in 1943
- Troop ships
